STANDARD V14.4 • ROUTAGE O(1) Architecture relationnelle 24 pôles & 17 Index-Experts™ synchronisés avec la taxonomie NCBI 2026, EBI SIFTS 3D et cFMD/FMBN.
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Palier 1 • Identité NCBI 🦠 NCBI TAXID #9913 • SPECIES • Mammals 🔎 Certificat NCBI #9913
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Bos taurus Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758

🌍 bovine ; cow ; dairy cow ; domestic cattle ; domestic cow ; ox

⚡ 3 pôle(s) d'Index-Experts™ actifs (routage O(1))  •  🧀 120 matrice(s) fromagère(s) reliée(s)  •  🐄 60 race(s) laitière(s) FAO DAD-IS  •  🧊 25 structure(s) 3D RCSB PDB / EBI SIFTS

🌳 Filiation phylogénétique & Matrices fromagères associées

Palier 2 • Fromager & Sommelier
Chordata (phylum) › Mammalia (class) › Artiodactyla (order) › Bovidae (family) › Bos (genus)
🧀 Fromages, matrices laitières et appellations reliés (120) :
🧀 1608 🧀 1608 🧀 1608 🧀 Afuega l pitu 🧀 Afuega l pitu 🧀 Aged cheese 🧀 Alderman 🧀 Alfred le fermier - 24 mois 🧀 Allgäuer bergkäse 🧀 Allgäuer emmentaler 🧀 Anfrom cheese 🧀 Anfrom cheese 🧀 Antep 🧀 Antep 🧀 Appenzeller 🧀 Applewood 🧀 Applewood 🧀 Arzua ulloa 🧀 Arzua ulloa 🧀 Asadero cheese 🧀 Asiago 🧀 Asiago 🧀 Baker's cheese 🧀 Baker's cheese 🧀 Bastardo del Grappa 🧀 Beacon Fell traditional Lancashire cheese 🧀 Beaufort 🧀 Beaufort 🧀 Beemster 🧀 Bel paese cheese 🧀 Bel paese cheese 🧀 Bitter cheese 🧀 Bitto 🧀 Bitto 🧀 Black River Cheese White Cheddar Cheese Curds 🧀 Bleu de Bresse cheese
INDEX-EXPERT™ #01 • Architecture Tyrodexia™ Palier 5

Synonymies et anciens noms (NCBI)

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Concordance de nomenclature (NCBI) Bos taurus ⟷ Bos bovis • Bos primigenius taurus
Synonymes & basionymes historiques bovine ; cow ; dairy cow ; domestic cattle ; domestic cow ; ox • Mammals
Autorité taxonomique & souches de référence Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758
Sources officielles & ouvrage de référence TaxID:9913 • Le grand dictionnaire du microbiome des fromages (https://www.tyrodexia.com/index.html#ouvrage)
Filiation & justification phylogénomique Chordata (phylum) › Mammalia (class) › Artiodactyla (order) › Bovidae (family) › Bos (genus)
INDEX-EXPERT™ #08 • Architecture Tyrodexia™ Palier 4

Pathogènes et bioprotection

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Bactériocines (NPClassifier) & cibles sanitaires Vache • bovine ; cow ; dairy cow ; domestic cattle ; domestic cow ; ox • Mammals
Substrats d'isolement & matrices fromagères reliées Pierogie [en:pierogie], Tybo cheese [en:tybo-cheese], Spare cheese [en:spare-cheese], Caraway cheese [en:caraway-cheese], Romadur cheese [en:romadur-cheese], Lorraine cheese [en:lorraine-cheese], Ricotone cheese [en:ricotone-cheese], Gammelost cheese [en:gammelost-cheese] • Chordata (phylum) › Mammalia (class) › Artiodactyla (order) › Bovidae (family) › Bos (genus)
Barrières physico-chimiques (EST, humidité, NaCl USDA) Pierogie (EST 47.4 %, MNA 58.22 %, NaCl 1.57 g/100g) ; Tybo cheese (EST 47.4 %, MNA 58.22 %, NaCl 1.57 g/100g) ; Spare cheese (EST 47.4 %, MNA 58.22 %, NaCl 1.57 g/100g) ; Caraway cheese (EST 47.4 %, MNA 58.22 %, NaCl 1.57 g/100g) • Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 • Bos bovis • Bos primigenius taurus
Sources officielles & ouvrage de référence TaxID:9913 • Le manuel clinique des pathologies laitières et fromagères (https://www.tyrodexia.com/index.html#collection)
INDEX-EXPERT™ #13 • Science du lait & santé Tyrodexia™ Palier 4

Mammifères laitiers, races et polymorphisme des caséines (A1/A2)

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Profil laitier, races d'élevage & fromages reliés Pierogie [en:pierogie], Tybo cheese [en:tybo-cheese], Spare cheese [en:spare-cheese], Caraway cheese [en:caraway-cheese], Romadur cheese [en:romadur-cheese], Lorraine cheese [en:lorraine-cheese], Ricotone cheese [en:ricotone-cheese], Gammelost cheese [en:gammelost-cheese] • bovine ; cow ; dairy cow ; domestic cattle ; domestic cow ; ox • Mammals
Variants β-caséine (A1/A2) & filiation mammalogique Chordata (phylum) › Mammalia (class) › Artiodactyla (order) › Bovidae (family) › Bos (genus) • Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758
Variants κ-caséine (AA/BB), ratio Ca/P (USDA) & protéines Iron, Fe : 2.3 mg ; Magnesium, Mg : 20 mg ; Phosphorus, P : 200 mg ; Sodium, Na : 617 mg ; Protein : 13.6 g ; Ash : 2.45 g
Races laitières (FAO DAD-IS / Québec / Europe) & AOP Alderney cattle [Breed of dairy cattle originating from the British Channel Island • CSN1S1 (Alpha-S1-casein, UniProtKB:B5B3R8 🔎) ; LALBA (Alpha-lactalbumin, UniProtKB:P00711 🔎) ; CSN1S2 (Alpha-S2-casein, UniProtKB:P02663 🔎) ; CSN2 (Beta-casein, UniProtKB:P02666 🔎) ; CSN3 (Kappa-casein, UniProtKB:P02668 🔎) ; LGB (Beta-lactoglobulin, UniProtKB:P02754 🔎) • LALBA in an allele of Droughtmaster cattle; an Australian breed [R29Q] ; CSN1S1 in variant A ; CSN1S1 in variant D [A68T] ; CSN1S1 in variant C [E207G] ; CSN2 in variant D [S33K] ; CSN2 in variant H [R40C] ; CSN2 in variant E [E51K] ; CSN2 in variant C [E52K] ; CSN2 in variants A1, B, C, F and G [P82H] ; CSN2 in variant H [L103I]] • American Bison, United States of America (American Bison) [American Bison • CSN1S1 (Alpha-S1-casein, UniProtKB:B5B3R8 🔎) ; LALBA (Alpha-lactalbumin, UniProtKB:P00711 🔎) ; CSN1S2 (Alpha-S2-casein, UniProtKB:P02663 🔎) ; CSN2 (Beta-casein, UniProtKB:P02666 🔎) ; CSN3 (Kappa-casein, UniProtKB:P02668 🔎) ; LGB (Beta-lactoglobulin, UniProtKB:P02754 🔎) • LALBA in an allele of Droughtmaster cattle; an Australian breed [R29Q] ; CSN1S1 in variant A ; CSN1S1 in variant D [A68T] ; CSN1S1 in variant C [E207G] ; CSN2 in variant D [S33K] ; CSN2 in variant H [R40C] ; CSN2 in variant E [E51K] ; CSN2 in variant C [E52K] ; CSN2 in variants A1, B, C, F and G [P82H] ; CSN2 in variant H [L103I]] • Amerifax (Amerifax) [Amerifax • CSN1S1 (Alpha-S1-casein, UniProtKB:B5B3R8 🔎) ; LALBA (Alpha-lactalbumin, UniProtKB:P00711 🔎) ; CSN1S2 (Alpha-S2-casein, UniProtKB:P02663 🔎) ; CSN2 (Beta-casein, UniProtKB:P02666 🔎) ; CSN3 (Kappa-casein, UniProtKB:P02668 🔎) ; LGB (Beta-lactoglobulin, UniProtKB:P02754 🔎) • LALBA in an allele of Droughtmaster cattle; an Australian breed [R29Q] ; CSN1S1 in variant A ; CSN1S1 in variant D [A68T] ; CSN1S1 in variant C [E207G] ; CSN2 in variant D [S33K] ; CSN2 in variant H [R40C] ; CSN2 in variant E [E51K] ; CSN2 in variant C [E52K] ; CSN2 in variants A1, B, C, F and G [P82H] ; CSN2 in variant H [L103I]] • Anatolian Black (Turquie) [Cattle breed • CSN1S1 (Alpha-S1-casein, UniProtKB:B5B3R8 🔎) ; LALBA (Alpha-lactalbumin, UniProtKB:P00711 🔎) ; CSN1S2 (Alpha-S2-casein, UniProtKB:P02663 🔎) ; CSN2 (Beta-casein, UniProtKB:P02666 🔎) ; CSN3 (Kappa-casein, UniProtKB:P02668 🔎) ; LGB (Beta-lactoglobulin, UniProtKB:P02754 🔎) • LALBA in an allele of Droughtmaster cattle; an Australian breed [R29Q] ; CSN1S1 in variant A ; CSN1S1 in variant D [A68T] ; CSN1S1 in variant C [E207G] ; CSN2 in variant D [S33K] ; CSN2 in variant H [R40C] ; CSN2 in variant E [E51K] ; CSN2 in variant C [E52K] ; CSN2 in variants A1, B, C, F and G [P82H] ; CSN2 in variant H [L103I]] • Ayrshire (Écosse — Royaume-Uni) [Race bovine • CSN1S1 (Alpha-S1-casein, UniProtKB:B5B3R8 🔎) ; LALBA (Alpha-lactalbumin, UniProtKB:P00711 🔎) ; CSN1S2 (Alpha-S2-casein, UniProtKB:P02663 🔎) ; CSN2 (Beta-casein, UniProtKB:P02666 🔎) ; CSN3 (Kappa-casein, UniProtKB:P02668 🔎) ; LGB (Beta-lactoglobulin, UniProtKB:P02754 🔎) • LALBA in an allele of Droughtmaster cattle; an Australian breed [R29Q] ; CSN1S1 in variant A ; CSN1S1 in variant D [A68T] ; CSN1S1 in variant C [E207G] ; CSN2 in variant D [S33K] ; CSN2 in variant H [R40C] ; CSN2 in variant E [E51K] ; CSN2 in variant C [E52K] ; CSN2 in variants A1, B, C, F and G [P82H] ; CSN2 in variant H [L103I]] • Badri [Breed of cattle • CSN1S1 (Alpha-S1-casein, UniProtKB:B5B3R8 🔎) ; LALBA (Alpha-lactalbumin, UniProtKB:P00711 🔎) ; CSN1S2 (Alpha-S2-casein, UniProtKB:P02663 🔎) ; CSN2 (Beta-casein, UniProtKB:P02666 🔎) ; CSN3 (Kappa-casein, UniProtKB:P02668 🔎) ; LGB (Beta-lactoglobulin, UniProtKB:P02754 🔎) • LALBA in an allele of Droughtmaster cattle; an Australian breed [R29Q] ; CSN1S1 in variant A ; CSN1S1 in variant D [A68T] ; CSN1S1 in variant C [E207G] ; CSN2 in variant D [S33K] ; CSN2 in variant H [R40C] ; CSN2 in variant E [E51K] ; CSN2 in variant C [E52K] ; CSN2 in variants A1, B, C, F and G [P82H] ; CSN2 in variant H [L103I]] • Beefalo [Hybride de vache et de bison • CSN1S1 (Alpha-S1-casein, UniProtKB:B5B3R8 🔎) ; LALBA (Alpha-lactalbumin, UniProtKB:P00711 🔎) ; CSN1S2 (Alpha-S2-casein, UniProtKB:P02663 🔎) ; CSN2 (Beta-casein, UniProtKB:P02666 🔎) ; CSN3 (Kappa-casein, UniProtKB:P02668 🔎) ; LGB (Beta-lactoglobulin, UniProtKB:P02754 🔎) • LALBA in an allele of Droughtmaster cattle; an Australian breed [R29Q] ; CSN1S1 in variant A ; CSN1S1 in variant D [A68T] ; CSN1S1 in variant C [E207G] ; CSN2 in variant D [S33K] ; CSN2 in variant H [R40C] ; CSN2 in variant E [E51K] ; CSN2 in variant C [E52K] ; CSN2 in variants A1, B, C, F and G [P82H] ; CSN2 in variant H [L103I]] • Belahi [Breed of cattle • CSN1S1 (Alpha-S1-casein, UniProtKB:B5B3R8 🔎) ; LALBA (Alpha-lactalbumin, UniProtKB:P00711 🔎) ; CSN1S2 (Alpha-S2-casein, UniProtKB:P02663 🔎) ; CSN2 (Beta-casein, UniProtKB:P02666 🔎) ; CSN3 (Kappa-casein, UniProtKB:P02668 🔎) ; LGB (Beta-lactoglobulin, UniProtKB:P02754 🔎) • LALBA in an allele of Droughtmaster cattle; an Australian breed [R29Q] ; CSN1S1 in variant A ; CSN1S1 in variant D [A68T] ; CSN1S1 in variant C [E207G] ; CSN2 in variant D [S33K] ; CSN2 in variant H [R40C] ; CSN2 in variant E [E51K] ; CSN2 in variant C [E52K] ; CSN2 in variants A1, B, C, F and G [P82H] ; CSN2 in variant H [L103I]] • Belarus Red [Cattle breed • CSN1S1 (Alpha-S1-casein, UniProtKB:B5B3R8 🔎) ; LALBA (Alpha-lactalbumin, UniProtKB:P00711 🔎) ; CSN1S2 (Alpha-S2-casein, UniProtKB:P02663 🔎) ; CSN2 (Beta-casein, UniProtKB:P02666 🔎) ; CSN3 (Kappa-casein, UniProtKB:P02668 🔎) ; LGB (Beta-lactoglobulin, UniProtKB:P02754 🔎) • LALBA in an allele of Droughtmaster cattle; an Australian breed [R29Q] ; CSN1S1 in variant A ; CSN1S1 in variant D [A68T] ; CSN1S1 in variant C [E207G] ; CSN2 in variant D [S33K] ; CSN2 in variant H [R40C] ; CSN2 in variant E [E51K] ; CSN2 in variant C [E52K] ; CSN2 in variants A1, B, C, F and G [P82H] ; CSN2 in variant H [L103I]] • Belgian Red (Belgian Red) [Belgian Red • CSN1S1 (Alpha-S1-casein, UniProtKB:B5B3R8 🔎) ; LALBA (Alpha-lactalbumin, UniProtKB:P00711 🔎) ; CSN1S2 (Alpha-S2-casein, UniProtKB:P02663 🔎) ; CSN2 (Beta-casein, UniProtKB:P02666 🔎) ; CSN3 (Kappa-casein, UniProtKB:P02668 🔎) ; LGB (Beta-lactoglobulin, UniProtKB:P02754 🔎) • LALBA in an allele of Droughtmaster cattle; an Australian breed [R29Q] ; CSN1S1 in variant A ; CSN1S1 in variant D [A68T] ; CSN1S1 in variant C [E207G] ; CSN2 in variant D [S33K] ; CSN2 in variant H [R40C] ; CSN2 in variant E [E51K] ; CSN2 in variant C [E52K] ; CSN2 in variants A1, B, C, F and G [P82H] ; CSN2 in variant H [L103I]] • Biisoni, Finland (Biisoni) [Biisoni • CSN1S1 (Alpha-S1-casein, UniProtKB:B5B3R8 🔎) ; LALBA (Alpha-lactalbumin, UniProtKB:P00711 🔎) ; CSN1S2 (Alpha-S2-casein, UniProtKB:P02663 🔎) ; CSN2 (Beta-casein, UniProtKB:P02666 🔎) ; CSN3 (Kappa-casein, UniProtKB:P02668 🔎) ; LGB (Beta-lactoglobulin, UniProtKB:P02754 🔎) • LALBA in an allele of Droughtmaster cattle; an Australian breed [R29Q] ; CSN1S1 in variant A ; CSN1S1 in variant D [A68T] ; CSN1S1 in variant C [E207G] ; CSN2 in variant D [S33K] ; CSN2 in variant H [R40C] ; CSN2 in variant E [E51K] ; CSN2 in variant C [E52K] ; CSN2 in variants A1, B, C, F and G [P82H] ; CSN2 in variant H [L103I]] • Black Pied dairy cattle [Cattle breed • CSN1S1 (Alpha-S1-casein, UniProtKB:B5B3R8 🔎) ; LALBA (Alpha-lactalbumin, UniProtKB:P00711 🔎) ; CSN1S2 (Alpha-S2-casein, UniProtKB:P02663 🔎) ; CSN2 (Beta-casein, UniProtKB:P02666 🔎) ; CSN3 (Kappa-casein, UniProtKB:P02668 🔎) ; LGB (Beta-lactoglobulin, UniProtKB:P02754 🔎) • LALBA in an allele of Droughtmaster cattle; an Australian breed [R29Q] ; CSN1S1 in variant A ; CSN1S1 in variant D [A68T] ; CSN1S1 in variant C [E207G] ; CSN2 in variant D [S33K] ; CSN2 in variant H [R40C] ; CSN2 in variant E [E51K] ; CSN2 in variant C [E52K] ; CSN2 in variants A1, B, C, F and G [P82H] ; CSN2 in variant H [L103I]]
Sources officielles & ouvrage de référence TaxID:9913 • Le grand dictionnaire du microbiome des fromages (https://www.tyrodexia.com/index.html#ouvrage)

🏛️ Collections mondiales (DSM / ATCC / CBS), Synonymies NCBI, Souches & Races FAO DAD-IS

Palier 4 • Institutionnel & Microbiologiste
Synonymes & Basionymes NCBI Bos bovis • Bos primigenius taurus
🐄 Races laitières mondiales FAO DAD-IS / VBO rattachées à cette espèce (60) :
🐄 Alderney cattle 🔎 🐄 American Bison, United States of America (American Bison) 🔎 🐄 Amerifax (Amerifax) 🔎 🐄 Anatolian Black (Turquie) 🔎 🐄 Ayrshire (Écosse — Royaume-Uni) 🔎 🐄 Badri 🔎 🐄 Beefalo 🔎 🐄 Belahi 🔎 🐄 Belarus Red 🔎 🐄 Belgian Red (Belgian Red) 🔎 🐄 Biisoni, Finland (Biisoni) 🔎 🐄 Black Pied dairy cattle 🔎 🐄 Bos taurus (Bos bovis / Bos primigenius taurus / bovine) 🔎 🐄 Boškarin (Croatie — Slovénie) 🔎 🐄 Brown swiss (Suisse) 🔎 🐄 Burlina (Italie) 🔎 🐄 Canadienne (Canada) 🔎 🐄 Carora cattle (Venezuela) 🔎 🐄 Channi (Channi) 🔎 🐄 Dairy Shorthorn 🔎 🐄 Danish Jersey (Danemark) 🔎 🐄 Deutsches schwarzbunte (Pays-Bas) 🔎 🐄 Dutch Belted (États-Unis) 🔎 🐄 Frankeston (Colombie) 🔎 🐄 Frieswal 🔎 🐄 Frisonne-sahiwal australienne 🔎 🐄 Galloway ceinturée (Écosse — Royaume-Uni) 🔎 🐄 Gir (Inde) 🔎 🐄 Girolando 🔎 🐄 Gorbatov rouge 🔎 🐄 Guernesey 🔎 🐄 Hays converter 🔎 🐄 Holando-Argentino (Argentine) 🔎 🐄 Holstein 🔎 🐄 Illawarra 🔎 🐄 Jersiaise 🔎 🐄 List of United States cattle breeds 🔎 🐄 List of dairy cattle breeds 🔎 🐄 Meuse-Rhin-Yssel 🔎 🐄 Milking Shorthorn 🔎 🐄 Milking devon 🔎 🐄 Nordic Red (Nordic Red) 🔎 🐄 Pasiega (Espagne) 🔎 🐄 Pie rouge de Norvège (Norvège) 🔎 🐄 Plains Bison, Canada (Plains Bison) 🔎 🐄 RX3 (RX3) 🔎 🐄 Romanian Bălțata 🔎 🐄 Rouge danoise (Danemark) 🔎 🐄 Sahiwal 🔎 🐄 Salorn (Salorn) 🔎 🐄 Siboney de Cuba (Cuba) 🔎 🐄 Sindhi Kundhi 🔎 🐄 Sindhi rouge (Pakistan) 🔎 🐄 Speckle park (Canada) 🔎 🐄 Sunandini (Inde) 🔎 🐄 Texon (Texon) 🔎 🐄 VikingRed (VikingRed) 🔎 🐄 Villard-de-Lans (France) 🔎 🐄 Wood Bison, Canada (Wood Bison) 🔎 🐄 Zébu laitier australien (Australie) 🔎

🧬 Génomique RefSeq, Biologie Structurale 3D (EBI SIFTS), Métagénomique (cFMD/FMBN) & PubMed

Palier 5 • Expert Absolu
Structures 3D EBI SIFTS / RCSB PDB PDB #10OZ (25 structures cristallographiques • CIF) — RCSB PDB 3D ↗
Assemblage Génomique NCBI RefSeq RefSeq: GCA_030378505.1 • Taille: 59.4763 Mb • GC: 45.1 % • Statut: Chromosome • BioSample: SAMN35642812 • BioProject: PRJNA450837